Green marketing strategies: environmentally friendly batik ecosystems in niche and mass market segments in Pekalongan
(1) Universitas Negeri Semarang
(2) Universitas Negeri Semarang
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Consumer awareness of environmental issues encourages batik MSMEs in Pekalongan to adopt green marketing strategies to support business sustainability. This study aims to analyze the implementation of green marketing strategies in two environmentally friendly batik ecosystems, namely the niche market and the mass market, and to map the interactions among actors within these ecosystems. A qualitative approach was employed through semi-structured interviews, field observations, literature review, and Social Network Analysis (SNA) to understand actor roles, marketing innovations, and distribution strategies. The results show that in the mass market segment, the success of green marketing is highly dependent on workers as the main actors who ensure consistency in quality, production, and the application of environmentally friendly principles, supported by government intervention and the use of digital technology. In contrast, in the niche market segment, sustainability is more strongly determined by business owners, communities, and market relationships that build the image of batik as an exclusive art product. These findings emphasize that green marketing strategies are most effective when implemented through collaboration among actors with co-creation of value and, and highlight the importance of strengthening worker capacity, innovation, and technology integration to enhance the competitiveness and sustainability of batik MSMEs
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Achmad, F., & Wiratmadj, I. inrawan. (2025). Journal of Open Innovation : Technology , Market , and Complexity Organizational performance and competitive advantage in SMEs : The role of green innovation and knowledge management. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 11(2), 100532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100532
Achmad, F., & Wiratmadja, I. I. (2025). Organizational performance and competitive advantage in SMEs : The role of green innovation and knowledge management. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 11(2), 100532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2025.100532
Achmad, G. N., Yudaruddin, R., Nugroho, B. A., Fitrian, Z., Suharsono, S., Adi, A. S., Hafsari, P., & Fitriansyah, F. (2023). Government support , eco-regulation and eco-innovation adoption in SMEs : The mediating role of eco-environmental. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 9(4), 100158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100158
Afiatna, F. A. N. F., Muflihah, N., & Mayasari, A. (2024). Meningkatkan Nilai Produk Batik yang Ramah Lingkungan dengan Pewarnaan Menggunakan Sumber Daya Alam Tumbuhan. Jurnal ABDINUS : Jurnal Pengabdian Nusantara, 8(1), 184β191. https://doi.org/10.29407/ja.v8i1.21336
Al-omoush, K. S., Ribeiro-navarrete, S., Lassala, C., & Skare, M. (2022). Networking and knowledge creation: Social capital and collaborative innovation in responding to the COVID-19 crisis. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 7(2), 100181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2022.100181
Al-shami, S. A., Damayanti, R., Adil, H., Farhi, F., & Al, A. (2024). Heliyon Financial and digital financial literacy through social media use towards financial inclusion among batik small enterprises in Indonesia. Heliyon, 10(15), e34902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34902
Alrifae, A. A. M. (2026). Green human resource management and sustainable performance : A systematic literature review. Sustainable Futures, 11(December 2025), 101580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101580
Alzuβbi, R. M., Kontor, E., & KovΓ‘cs, S. (2025). A qualitative study of using green marketing practices within Jordanian food companies: a content analysis approach. Discover Sustainability, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43621-025-01301-x
Amatulli, C., Angelis, M. De, Pichierri, M., & Guido, G. (2018). The Importance of Dream in Advertising : Luxury Versus Mass Market. 10(1), 71β81. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijms.v10n1p71
Ardianingsih, A., Setiawan, D., Payamta, P., Widarjo, W., & Langelo, J. S. (2024). The Relationship of Green Marketing Innovation and Job Protection on Competitive Advantage of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME): Mental Accounting as Moderating. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 11(5), 375. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v11i5.5646
Ariyanti, R., Notoatmojo, M. I., & Imron, A. (2025). Analisis Pengaruh Kecintaan Merek ( Brand Love ) dan Pengalaman Merek ( Brand Experience ) Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk UKM Batik di Pekalongan Dengan Mediasi Pemasaran Hijau ( Green Marketing ). Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi Akuntansi Kewirausahaan, 5(1), 1β10. https://ojs.unpkediri.ac.id/index.php/jpeaku/article/view/25306%0Ahttps://ojs.unpkediri.ac.id/index.php/jpeaku/article/download/25306/4575
Audretsch, D. B., Belitski, M., Caiazza, R., & Phan, P. (2023). Collaboration strategies and SME innovation performance. Journal of Business Research, 164(April), 114018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.114018
Ayu Kusumawardani, S. D., Kurnani, T. B. A., Astari, A. J., & Sunardi, S. (2024). Readiness in implementing green industry standard for SMEs: Case of Indonesiaβs batik industry. Heliyon, 10(16). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36045
Bichinho, S., Franco, M., & Rodrigues, M. (2026). Interorganisational cooperation as a way of accessing green technologies for the integration of sustainable practices in SMEs. Green Technologies and Sustainability, 4(2), 100295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.grets.2025.100295
Cahyani, A. N., Praswati, A. N., & Sabarwo, S. E. P. (2023). Penguatan Kapasitas Pemasaran Online Dan Green Marketing Bagi Umkm Batik Jarum Klaten. Abdi Psikonomi, 5(2), 1β23.
Cai, J., Osman, S., Haron, S. A., & Teng, W. (2025). Storytelling , humour , and promotions : How social media marketing influences university students β green purchase intention. Sustainable Futures, 10(June), 101001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101001
Chen, G., Sabir, A., Faisal, M., Belascu, L., & Su, C. (2024). Green marketing horizon : Industry sustainability through marketing and innovation. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 9(4), 100606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2024.100606
Chen, L., Haider, M. J., & He, J. (2024). Should β green information β be interactive ? The influence of green information presentation on consumers β green participation behavior for driving sustainable consumption of fashion brands. 470(July).
Dahri, A. S., Naiemah, U., Saraih, B., Rehman, J., & Salameh, A. A. (2025). Deriving green competitive advantage in the SMEs : A sustainable firm performance perspective. Sustainable Futures, 9(March), 100618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100618
Dangelico, R. M., & Vocalelli, D. (2017). β Green Marketing β : An analysis of de fi nitions , strategy steps , and tools through a systematic review of the literature. Journal of Cleaner Production, 165, 1263β1279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.184
Daud, N. M., Rozaimah, S., Abdullah, S., & Abu, H. (2022). Science of the Total Environment Integrated physical-biological treatment system for batik industry wastewater : A review on process selection β. Science of the Total Environment, 819, 152931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152931
Dzulfriansyah, A. (2023). Marketing Strategy Analysis Using a Marketing Mix Approach ( Case Study of the Giriloyo Batik Bantul Home Industry - Yogyakarta ). 11(3), 1139β1144.
Economia, J., Sulaeman, A., & Kurniawati, S. (2023). The Effect of Sustainable Commitment and Sustainable Competencies on Business Sustainability. 19(2), 206β220.
Eisenhardt, K. M., Graebner, M. E., & Sonenshein, S. (2016). Grand challenges and inductive methods: Rigor without rigor mortis. Academy of Management Journal, 59(4), 1113β1123. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2016.4004
Fawaid, A., Makruf, M., Sayyidi, S., Fatmawati, S. W., & Dewi, I. O. (2026). Theoretical model of green entrepreneurship and digital transformation in enhancing the sustainability of batik MSMEs with business innovation as a mediating variable. Cleaner Production Letters, 10(October 2025), 100135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clpl.2026.100135
Fobbe, L., & Hilletofth, P. (2021). The role of stakeholder interaction in sustainable business models . A systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 327(March), 129510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129510
Geissdoerfer, M., Vladimirova, D., & Evans, S. (2018). Sustainable business model innovation : A review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 198, 401β416. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.06.240
Guo, L., Cao, Y., Qu, Y., & Tseng, M. (2022). Developing sustainable business model innovation through stakeholder management and dynamic capability : A longitudinal case study. Journal of Cleaner Production, 372(2), 133626. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.133626
Hamal, H. H., Parvin, F., & Aziz, A. (2024). Analyzing the obstacles to the establishment of sustainable supply chain in the textile industry of Bangladesh. BenchCouncil Transactions on Benchmarks, Standards and Evaluations, 4(3), 100185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbench.2024.100185
Hermawan, A., Lestari, R., & Susanti, N. (2025). Pendampingan Pengelolaan Limbah dan Operasional IPAL Batik. Surya Abdimas, 9(1), 135β144.
Hu, J., Wu, H., & Ying, S. X. (2022). Environmental regulation , market forces , and corporate environmental responsibility : Evidence from the implementation of cleaner production standards in China. Journal of Business Research, 150(June), 606β622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.06.049
Huang, L., Solangi, Y. A., Magazzino, C., & Solangi, S. A. (2024). Evaluating the efficiency of green innovation and marketing strategies for long-term sustainability in the context of Environmental labeling. Journal of Cleaner Production, 450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.141870
Hutagalung, F. v. (2025). Strategi Pemasaran Green Marketing dalam Menarik Konsumen yang Peduli Lingkungan. 1(2), 283β297.
Imtiaz, M., Jamadar, Y., & Fakhrul, M. (2025). Environmental sustainability practices in SMEs : Insights from integrated PLS-SEM and fsQCA approaches. Journal of Cleaner Production, 503(July 2024), 145185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145185
IΕ‘oraite, M. (2021). β7 P Marketing Mix LiteratureReview.β International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 5(6), 1587β1590. www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47665.pdf
Jung, J., Kim, S. J., & Kim, K. H. (2020). Sustainable marketing activities of traditional fashion market and brand loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 120(April), 294β301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.04.019
Khan, A. J., Nasir, A., Khan, S., Munir, F., & Li, G. (2025). Seeds of sustainability in organizations : Green HRM and employee engagement as a cultivators of green branding and consumer trust. Acta Psychologica, 260(May), 105648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105648
Klaski Putri, K., & Tjahjono, B. (2024). Extraction Of Ketapang And Mangrove Natural Dyes As Wisdom For The Development Of Ecological Batik In Pekalongan City. International Journal of Science, Technology & Management, 5(6), 1325β1330. https://doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v5i6.1197
Kumar, S., & Harichandan, S. (2022). Green marketing innovation and sustainable consumption : A bibliometric analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 361(May), 132290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132290
Li, F., Li, J., & Wang, D. (2024). Policy instruments and green innovation : Evidence and implications for corporate performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 471(August), 143443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.143443
Majumdar, A., & Sinha, S. K. (2019). Analyzing the barriers of green textile supply chain management in Southeast Asia using interpretive structural modeling. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 17, 176β187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2018.10.005
Martuti, N. K. T., Hidayah, I., Margunani, M., & Alafima, R. B. (2020). Organic material for clean production in the batik industry: A case study of natural batik Semarang, Indonesia. Recycling, 5(4), 1β13. https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling5040028
Mekaniwati, A., & Bon, A. T. (2024). Marketing Strategies for SMEs in Enhancing Sustainable Business Performance: A Case Study of Pekalongan City, Indonesia. International Journal of Global Optimization and Its Application, 3(2), 99β105. https://doi.org/10.56225/ijgoia.v3i2.361
Mekaniwati, A., & Bon, A. T. Bin. (2025). Linking Dynamic Capabilities and Market Orientation to Sustainability Through Green Marketing in the Batik Industry. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 20(10), 4119β4125. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.201003
Munawar, S., Yousaf, H. Q., Ahmed, M., & Rehman, S. (2022). Effects of green human resource management on green innovation through green human capital , environmental knowledge , and managerial environmental concern. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 52(March), 141β150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2022.06.009
Nekmahmud, Naz, F., Ramkissoon, H., & Fekete-farkas, M. (2022). Transforming consumers β intention to purchase green products : Role of social media. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 185(March), 122067. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.122067
Nikmah, F., Andi Sukma, E., Suwarni, E., & Wahyu Hidayat, C. (2023). Effectuation Strategy and Niche Marketing for Competitive Advantage. International Journal of Scientific Research and Management, 11(05), 4903β4910. https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v11i05.em05
Notoatmojo, M. I., Ariyanti, R., & Imron, A. (2025). Strategi Implementasi Green Marketing , Customer Experience dan Attitude dalam Meningkatkan Customer Loyalty UMKM Batik Pekalongan dengan Perceived Value sebagai Variabel Mediasi. 8(1), 79β91.
Nowell, L. S., Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. (2017). Thematic Analysis: Striving to Meet the Trustworthiness Criteria. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847
Ogiemwonyi, O., Mohammad, M. N., & Alotaibi, H. S. (2023). Pathways toward environmental performance : Link between green human resource management , green innovation , and green behavior at work in manufacturing companies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 425(August), 138949. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138949
Oktarina, S., & Gunawan, D. I. (2024). Pengaruh Bauran Pemasaran terhadap Volume Penjualan UMKM Olahan Pangan Kecamatan Gunung Pati Kota Semarang. 8, 35919β35924.
Olagunju, K. O., Angioloni, S., & Canavari, M. (2025). Heliyon Niche markets for sustainable agri-food systems : A systematic review. Heliyon, 11(3), e42346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42346
Oliveira Neto, G. C. de, Correia, J. M. F., Silva, P. C., Oliveira Sanches, A. G. de, & Lucato, W. C. (2019). Cleaner Production in the textile industry and its relationship to sustainable development goals. 228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.334
Pekalongan, T. komunikasi publik. (2026). Wali Kota Yogyakarta Sebut 80 Persen Batik di Yogyakarta Berasal dari Pekalongan.
Petanen, P., Tuovila, H., & Heikkil, P. (2024). Strategic marketing of sustainable fashion : Exploring approaches and contradictions in the positioning of fashion rental. 7(October). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clpl.2024.100075
Peters, C., & Bodkin, C. D. (2018). Community in context : Comparing brand communities and retail store communities. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 45(November 2017), 1β11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.08.001
Pranta, A. D., & Rahaman, T. (2024). Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects Extraction of eco-friendly natural dyes and biomordants for textile coloration : A critical review. Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects, 39(April), 101243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoso.2024.101243
Purnomo, I. D. (2022). Video 70 Persen Pemasaran Batik Indonesia Ditopang Pengrajin Kota Pekalongan. Tribun-Pantura.Com, 2026.
Putri, A. N. A., Hermawan, P., Mirzanti, I. R., Meadows, M., & Sadraei, R. (2025). Unpacking green growth in SMEs : A framework for dynamic capabilities , value co-creation , and sustainable performance. Sustainable Futures, 10(October 2024), 100840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100840
Ragil, A. W., Saifudin, A. G., Gunawan, A., & Novaria, D. (2023). Analisis Strategi Pengelolaan Air Limbah Industri Batik Yang Berkelanjutan Di Kota PekalonganAyu Wahyuning Ragil1,Abdul Ghofar Saifudin2, Ade Gunawan3, Dwi Novaria Misidawati41,2,3,4UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongane-mail : ayuwahyuningragil@mhs.uingu. 2(1), 1β9.
Rahaman, T., Pranta, A. D., Repon, R., Ahmed, S., & Islam, T. (2024). Green production and consumption of textiles and apparel : Importance , fabrication , challenges and future prospects. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(2), 100280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100280
Rahman, I., Nanu, L., & Sozen, E. (2023). The adoption of environmental practices in craft breweries : The role of owner-managers β consumption values , motivation , and perceived business challenges. Journal of Cleaner Production, 416(April), 137948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137948
Raya, A. B., Andiani, R., Siregar, A. P., Prasada, I. Y., Indana, F., Gracia, T., Simbolon, Y., Kinasih, A. T., & Nugroho, A. D. (2021). Challenges , Open Innovation , and Engagement Theory at Craft SMEs : Evidence from Indonesian Batik. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(2), 121. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7020121
Redaksi. (2024). Pekan Batik Nusantara 2024 Cetak Transaksi Rp1,3 Miliar. Redaksi Bisnis Com. https://semarang.bisnis.com/read/20241209/535/1822861/pekan-batik-nusantara-2024-cetak-transaksi-rp13-miliar
Roh, T., Noh, J., Oh, Y., & Park, K. (2022). Structural relationships of a firm β s green strategies for environmental performance : The roles of green supply chain management and green marketing innovation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 356(September 2021), 131877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131877
Santos, Z. R., Rita, P., Cheung, C. M. K., & Coelho, P. s. (2022). Consumer engagement in social media brand communities : A literature review. 63(August 2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102457
Santoso, R., Setiawati, R., & Fatimah, S. (2025). Pengaruh Pemasaran Hijau dan Kesadaran Lingkungan Serta Dampaknya terhadap Perilaku Konsumen Hijau β Study Usia Remaja. KALBISIANA Jurnal Sains, Bisnis Dan Teknologi, 11(2), 241β253. https://doi.org/10.53008/kalbisiana.v11i2.4570
Shen, J., Liang, H., Zafar, A. U., Shahzad, M., Akram, U., & Ashfaq, M. (2023). Computers in Human Behavior Influence by osmosis : Social media green communities and pro-environmental behavior. Computers in Human Behavior, 143(February), 107706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2023.107706
Simpson, H. C., & de LoΓ«, R. C. (2017). The agricultural community as a social network in a collaborative, multi-stakeholder problem-solving process. Water (Switzerland), 9(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/w9100750
Steelyana, E. (2025). Batik Indonesia MSMEs in the Digital Era: Innovating Tradition, Overcoming COVID-19. Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 11(1), 55β63. https://doi.org/10.46273/f7gpnn36
Sun, Y., Leng, K., & Xiong, H. (2022). Research on the influencing factors of consumers β green purchase behavior in the post-pandemic era. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 69(June), 103118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103118
Suzianti, A., Amaradhanny, R. D., & Fathia, S. N. (2023). Fashion heritage future: Factors influencing Indonesian millenials and generation Zβs interest in using traditional fabrics. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 9(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100141
Tan, L. peng, Casidy, R., & Arli, D. (2025). Drivers of strategic green marketing orientation : An SME owner-manager perspective. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 82(October 2024), 104130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2024.104130
Truc, L. T. (2024). Greening the future : How social networks and media shapes youth β s eco-friendly purchases. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(4), 100410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2024.100410
Vomberg, A., Friess, M., Wieseke, J., Alavi, S., & Maag, V. (2026). The Different Effects of Mass-Media Marketing and Personal Sales Budgets Across the Life Cycle of B2B High-Tech Start-Ups. 63(1), 47β70. https://doi.org/10.1177/00222437251367766
Warasthe, R., Brandenburg, M., & Seuring, S. (2022). Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain Sustainability , risk and performance in textile and apparel supply chains. Cleaner Logistics and Supply Chain, 5(June), 100069. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clscn.2022.100069
White, K., Cakanlar, A., Sethi, S., & Trudel, R. (2025). The past , present , and future of sustainability marketing : How did we get here and where might we go ? Journal of Business Research, 187(October 2024), 115056. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2024.115056
Xu, H., & Xu, R. (2025). How to enhance public acceptance and intentions towards biodiesel technology: The roles of environmental motivation, trust, and perceived effects. Sustainable Futures. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.101195
Yadav, M., Gupta, R., & Nair, K. (2024). Time for sustainable marketing to build a green conscience in consumers : Evidence from a hybrid review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 443(April 2023), 141188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.141188
Yeni Sintya Wati, Sulistyowati, M. Soleh Mauludin, & Sidanatul Janah. (2024). Pengembangan Usaha Berbasis Ramah Lingkungan Berdasarkan Konsep Triple Bottom Line (Studi Kasus Batik Lochantara). Istithmar, 8(1), 12β24. https://doi.org/10.30762/istithmar.v8i1.1007
Zafar, A. U., Shen, J., Ashfaq, M., & Shahzad, M. (2021). Social media and sustainable purchasing attitude : Role of trust in social media and environmental effectiveness. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 63(August), 102751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102751
Zhu, T., Liu, Y., Tang, Q., & He, J. (2022). Electronic Commerce Research and Applications Identifying and modeling the dynamic evolution of niche preferences. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 52(January), 101117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2022.101117
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24123/mabis.v25i2.1062
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 0 timesPDF - 0 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Natasya Putri Hardiahsyah

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under aΒ Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Β ISSN: 1412-3789. e-ISSN: 2477-1783.
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | |
![]() | ![]() | ![]() | ![]() |
| Β | Β | Β |
Β
Β
Β









